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The pattern of rainfall in each region of Australia is determined by the season and the proximity to the coast. In general, the north of Australia receives most of its rain in the summer with the south having a winter dominant rainfall. The coast receives more rain than inland areas when moist air masses move onshore. Most of the rainfall occurs on the coastal side of mountainous terrain due to the cooling and condensation of the air mass as it rises up over the mountains. Occasionally rainfalls will be extremely heavy.
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