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Give two reasons why it is important for a person working in Primary Industries to have a basic knowledge of first aid.
Primary Industry workplaces can be hazardous places to work.

Workers often work alone or in small groups in isolated areas.

What are the five aims of first aid?

Preserve life by providing immediate and prioritised treatments
Protect the unconscious as they cannot help themselves
Prevent the casualty’s condition from worsening
Promote recovery by resting and reassuring the casualty
Promote safety.

Outline what to do in an emergency in each of the following cases.

a) There is one first aiderperson able to perform first aid and the casualty is unconscious and not breathing.
- Give resuscitation for one minute
- Place the casualty in the recovery position
- Call 000 for an ambulance

b) There is one first aiderperson able to perform first aid and the casualty is unconscious and breathing.

Place the casualty in the recovery position

Call 000 for an ambulance

c) There is more than one first aiderperson able to perform first aid.

Start resuscitation if required

The second person should call 000 for an ambulance

List the steps that should be taken when calling emergency services.
1. Call 000 for an ambulance.
2. Ask for the ambulance service.
3. Give the exact place of the accident with directions on how to get there.
4. State the number of casualties.
5. Indicate the type and extent of injuries.
6. State if any other emergency services are needed.
7. Give the telephone number of the phone you are using.
8. Ask when the ambulance is likely to arrive.
In a rural area, it is important to give precise directions for the ambulance, including:
- the distance from any intersection, landmark or roadside number
- name of the road
- name of the area
- the nearest city/town
- any prominent landmark..

Outline the steps to be taken when using the St John's Ambulance DRABC Action Plan.

D	Check for DANGER - to you - to others - to the casualty
R	Check RESPONSE Is the casualty conscious? Is the casualty unconscious?
A	Check the AIRWAY Is the airway clear of objects? Is the airway open?
B	Check for BREATHING Is the chest rising and falling? Can breath be heard? Can breath be felt on your cheek?
C	Check CIRCULATION Can a pulse be felt? Are there any obvious signs of life?

List at least three symptoms for each of the following conditions.
Asthma

The casualty may be:

unable to get enough air
progressively more anxious, short of breath, subdued or panicky
focused only on breathing
coughing, wheezing
pale, sweating
blue around the lips, ear lobes and fingertips
unconscious.

Hypoglycaemia
(Low blood sugar)

The person may:

feel dizzy, weak, trembling and hungry
look pale and have a rapid pulse
be sweating profusely
be numb around the lips and fingers
be unconscious.

Fracture

Pain
Tenderness around the injury
Swelling, deformity and bruising
Loss of movement and/or sensation
Signs and symptoms of shock.

Shock

The casualty may have:

pale, cold and clammy skin
rapid and weak pulse
rapid, irregular and shallow breathing and may yawn and sigh.
feelings of weakness and dizziness, nausea, thirst, coldness, apprehension and restlessness
decreasing level of consciousness.

Poisoning

Vomiting or retching
Stomach pain
Diarrhoea
Confusion
The odour of a substance that may have been ingested, e.g. petrol, ammonia
Burns to or a burning sensation in or around the mouth
Headache
Signs of shock
Breathing problems
Convulsions and delirium
Sometimes seizures
Change of skin colour, blue lips and extremities
Unconsciousness

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