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Nutrition

Health and nutrition issues for women over 40

Activity 1 answers

1. Which nutrients do women often consume too little of?
   Zinc, calcium and fibre.
2. Why does the paper suggest that the dietary needs of women over 40 are more similar to women over 54 as stated in the Recommended Dietary Intake (RDI) tables?
   Many women aged 40 and over are experiencing menopause.
3. Identify the nutrient related factors that may contribute to breast cancer risk.
   Greater consumption of foods rich in vitamins A, C and E and fibre is associated with a lower risk of breast cancer. Concentrated supplements of A, C and E have no effect on breast cancer risk when dietary intake is adequate, but vitamin supplementation in women whose dietary intake of vitamin A is inadequate appears to reduce the risk of breast cancer.
   Alcohol consumption by women has been associated with a linear increase in breast cancer risk.
4. Plan one-day's menu for a woman aged 42 years to ensure she obtains the RDI for calcium, zinc and iron. Refer to the Australian Guide to Healthy Eating at the end of the article for guidance.
   See the Summary for a sample menu.

Activity 2 answers

1. How many serves of low-fat dairy foods are recommended per day to obtain sufficient calcium?
   Women aged 40 years and over should consume 3­4 serves of low-fat dairy food per day.
2. List examples of weight-bearing exercise.
   Examples of weight-bearing exercise are: brisk walking, aerobics or tennis.